Answer
The central court case in "To Kill a Mockingbird" revolves around racial injustice. It involves the trial of a black man, Tom Robinson, who is falsely accused of raping a white woman. The novel explores the pervasive discrimination and unfair treatment faced by African Americans in the racially segregated Deep South during the 1930s, shedding light on the deeply embedded societal prejudices and systemic racism of the time.