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The Vega Expedition, led by Swedish explorer Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, was named after the star Vega, the brightest star in the constellation Lyra. The expedition, which took place from 1878 to 1880, aimed to navigate the Northeast Passage, a sea route connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans via the Arctic Ocean. The Vega became the first ship to successfully navigate the entire passage, marking a significant milestone in Arctic exploration.