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Harun al-Rashid, the famed Abbasid caliph, was the father of al-Ma'mun, who later became the seventh Abbasid caliph. Al-Ma'mun's reign marked a golden age of Islamic civilization, characterized by intellectual and cultural advancements. He established the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, a renowned center of learning and translation, and patronized scholars and artists, contributing to the flourishing of Islamic science, philosophy, and literature.