Answer
Three women received the Nobel Prize in Physics before Andrea Ghez. The first was Marie Curie, who won in 1903 for her work on radioactivity. The second was Maria Goeppert-Mayer, who won in 1963 for her contributions to the understanding of the structure of the atomic nucleus. The third was Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, who won in 1995 for her discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development.