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Boris Spassky was a Soviet chess grandmaster. He was the World Chess Champion from 1969 to 1972, when he lost the title to Bobby Fischer. Spassky was a candidate for the World Chess Championship seven times, from 1956 to 1972. He reached the final match on three occasions, but was defeated by Mikhail Botvinnik in 1960, Tigran Petrosian in 1966, and Fischer in 1972.