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Charles Edward was born in Surrey, England. He was the eldest son of James Francis Edward Stuart, the Jacobite claimant to the British throne, and his wife, Maria Clementina Sobieska. Charles Edward was born at the family's home, the Palace of Holyroodhouse, in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 31 December 1720. He was known as the "Young Pretender" by his opponents, and his supporters called him "Bonnie Prince Charlie".