Answer
The answer is the 13th century. Pope Clement IV, born Guy Foulques, ascended to the papacy in 1265, succeeding Pope Urban IV. His reign lasted until his death in 1268. During his papacy, he focused on resolving conflicts and promoting peace, notably attempting to mediate between the Guelph and Ghibelline factions in Italy and striving for the reunification of the Eastern and Western churches.