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Born in 1968, Emmanuelle Charpentier is a French biochemist and microbiologist known for her pioneering work on the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing system. This revolutionary tool enables precise modifications to DNA, leading to potential treatments for genetic diseases and the development of innovative agricultural techniques. Charpentier's groundbreaking research has transformed the field of genetics and earned her numerous accolades, including the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2020.