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Abhijit Banerjee, Michael Kremer, and Esther Duflo shared the 2019 Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for their experimental approach to alleviating global poverty. Their research used randomized controlled trials to evaluate the effectiveness of various interventions, such as microfinance, education, and healthcare programs. This approach has revolutionized the field of development economics and provided valuable insights into how to improve the lives of the world's poorest people.