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The Battle of Bull Run, also known as the First Battle of Manassas, occurred on July 21, 1861, near Manassas, Virginia, not far from Falls Church. It was the first major land battle of the American Civil War. The Union army, led by General Irvin McDowell, attempted to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, but was defeated by the Confederate army under the command of Generals P.G.T.