Answer
RNA regulation is the primary focus of Ruvkun's research. She investigates how RNA molecules, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), control gene expression and cellular processes. miRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that bind to messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and prevent them from being translated into proteins. Ruvkun's work has shed light on the role of miRNAs in various biological processes, including development, metabolism, and disease.