Answer
"The Analyst," written by mathematician and philosopher George Berkeley in 1734, was a work critiquing the logical soundness of the foundational principles of calculus, specifically Isaac Newton's method of fluxions and Gottfried Leibniz's differential calculus. Berkeley argued that these methods relied on vague and potentially incoherent concepts, such as infinitesimals, and that the proofs based on them lacked rigorous logical foundations.