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Marie-Georges-Jean Méliès (December 8, 1861 – January 21, 1938) was a French illusionist, theatre director, actor, and film pioneer. A contemporary of Thomas Edison, Méliès was one of the first filmmakers to use special effects in film, and he is best known for his innovative and fantastical silent films, such as A Trip to the Moon (1902), which are considered to be the first science fiction films.