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Gherman Stepanovich Titov was a Soviet cosmonaut who became the second person to orbit the Earth in 1961, just a few months after Yuri Gagarin's historic flight. Titov's mission, Vostok 2, lasted for over 25 hours and included 17 orbits of the planet. During his flight, Titov conducted several experiments and observations, including studies on the effects of spaceflight on the human body.