Answer
Georg Lukács, a Hungarian Marxist philosopher, developed Lenin's pragmatic revolutionary practices into the formal philosophy of vanguard-party revolution. In his book "History and Class Consciousness," Lukács argued that the working class could not achieve revolutionary consciousness on its own, and that it needed the leadership of a vanguard party. The vanguard party, he argued, would be composed of professional revolutionaries who were dedicated to the overthrow of capitalism.