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Photonics, also known as optoelectronics, is the study of the interaction of light with electronic devices and systems. It encompasses the generation, detection, modulation, and manipulation of light for various applications in telecommunications, medicine, manufacturing, and scientific research. Photonics has revolutionized many industries with technologies such as lasers, fiber optics, photodiodes, LEDs, and solar cells, enabling advancements in optical communications, imaging, sensing, and energy conversion.