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Ismail served as the Leader of the Opposition in the Pakatan Harapan administration for one year, from 2018 to 2019. He was elected to this position after the 2018 Malaysian general election, in which the Pakatan Harapan coalition won a majority of seats in the Dewan Rakyat. However, the coalition's government collapsed in 2019, and Ismail was replaced as Leader of the Opposition by Anwar Ibrahim.