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Italo Svevo was known for writing novels and short stories rather than plays. His notable works include influential modernist novels such as "La coscienza di Zeno" ("Zeno's Conscience") and "Senilità" ("As a Man Grows Older"), which exhibit a unique blend of psychological realism and stream-of-consciousness narration. He made significant contributions to modern Italian literature through his innovative literary techniques and insights into human psychology.