Jamal al-Din al-Afghani was one of the founders of which movement?
Renaissance
Romanticism
Existentialism
Islamic Modernism
Answer
Jamal al-Din al-Afghani was a 19th-century Islamic scholar, writer, and political activist who is considered one of the founders of Islamic Modernism. He believed that Islam could be reconciled with modern ideas and institutions, and that Muslims should adopt European scientific and technological advances while preserving their Islamic identity. Al-Afghani's ideas had a significant impact on the development of Islamic Modernism and other reformist movements in the Muslim world.
Jamal al-Din al-Afghani: Uncovering the Life and Ideas of a Revolutionary Islamic Activist
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