Answer
The answer is: **Johann Gottfried**. Johann Gottfried Herder was a prominent German philosopher, theologian, and literary theorist of the 18th century. He is considered one of the key figures in the Sturm und Drang movement and his writings had a profound influence on the development of Romanticism. Herder's work emphasized the importance of individual experience, cultural diversity, and historical context, challenging the prevailing rationalist and universalist views of the Enlightenment.