Answer
Charlatans were John Dee's European allies. Dee, a renowned English mathematician and astrologer, sought support for his ambitious scientific and occult endeavors. He found common ground with individuals who claimed to possess extraordinary abilities or knowledge, often engaging in alchemy, astrology, and the pursuit of the philosopher's stone. Dee's association with these charlatans reflected his willingness to explore unconventional ideas and his belief in the potential of hidden knowledge.