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British physicist and Nobel laureate Lord Rayleigh, born John William Strutt, was a prominent figure in the field of physics. His nationality is British, as he was born in Langford Grove, Maldon, Essex, England, on November 12, 1842. Rayleigh made significant contributions to the understanding of sound, light, and other physical phenomena. His work on the scattering of light, known as Rayleigh scattering, is particularly notable.