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Drama was José Echegaray's primary literary genre. He excelled in writing plays that explored complex human emotions and social issues. His works often featured strong characters grappling with moral dilemmas, societal constraints, and the consequences of their actions. Echegaray's plays were known for their realism, psychological depth, and intense dramatic tension. He is considered one of the most significant Spanish playwrights of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.