Answer
The Rhesus factor, a crucial blood group antigen, was discovered by Alexander S. Wiener and Philip Levine in 1940. Their groundbreaking research involved analyzing the blood of a patient named Mrs. Rh, leading to the identification of the Rh factor. This discovery revolutionized blood transfusions and became essential in understanding blood group compatibility, preventing life-threatening complications such as hemolytic transfusion reactions and erythroblastosis fetalis.