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Soviet physicist Lev Davidovich Landau made significant contributions to the fields of theoretical physics, condensed matter physics, and low-temperature physics. He is renowned for his development of the Landau theory of phase transitions, the Landau-Ginzburg theory of superconductivity, and the Landau-Lifshitz theory of elasticity. Landau received numerous accolades for his work, including the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1962.