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Lev Landau, born in 1908, was a Soviet physicist known for his significant contributions to quantum mechanics, condensed matter physics, low-temperature physics, and Theory of superfluidity. His groundbreaking research led to the development of the Landau theory of superfluidity and the Landau theory of Fermi liquids. Landau received numerous accolades, including the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1962 for his pioneering theories of condensed matter, especially liquid helium.