Who excommunicated Louis VIII?
A papal legate
The Archbishop of Canterbury
The Pope himself
The Bishop of Paris
Answer
In response to Louis VIII's actions in Toulouse, which the papacy viewed as excessive and harmful to the interests of the church, a papal legate, acting on behalf of Pope Gregory IX, officially excommunicated the French monarch. This act symbolized the strained relationship between Louis VIII and the church authorities of the time.
Uncovering the Reign: Louis VIII of France Quiz
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