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Which Vedanta philosophy advocates for a qualified non-dualism, dissimilar to Dvaita?

Advaita
Suddhadvaita
Vishishtadvaita
Achintya Bhedabheda

Answer

Vishishtadvaita, propounded by Ramanuja, adopts a middle ground between the pure non-dualism of Advaita and the stark dualism of Dvaita. It recognizes the reality of both Brahman (the absolute reality) and the individual soul, albeit subordinate to Brahman. This philosophy asserts that the universe is not an illusion but a real manifestation of Brahman, much like ornaments are not separate from gold.