Answer
German philosopher and sociologist Max Horkheimer, known as one of the founders of critical theory, hailed from Germany. Critical theory is a school of thought that critiques society and culture from a Marxist perspective. Horkheimer's work significantly contributed to the development of social and political thought in the 20th century, particularly through his collaborations with Theodor W. Adorno in works such as "Dialectic of Enlightenment."