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Maximian's birth name was Marcus Aurelius Valerius Maximianus. He was a Roman emperor who ruled jointly with Diocletian from 285 to 305. Maximian was born in Lugdunum, Gaul (modern-day Lyon, France) and was the son of a Roman army officer. He rose through the ranks of the military and eventually became emperor in 285. Maximian ruled the western half of the Roman Empire while Diocletian ruled the eastern half.