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Mikhail Botvinnik was a Soviet chess grandmaster and one of the greatest chess players of all time. He won the World Chess Championship six times, in 1948, 1951, 1954, 1957, 1958, and 1960. He was also the first official world champion, having won the 1948 tournament that was organized to determine the successor to Alexander Alekhine, who had died in 1946.