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Topolánek led the Civic Democratic Party from 2002 to 2010. He became leader after the party's victory in the 2002 parliamentary election. During his time as leader, the party won the 2006 parliamentary election and Topolánek became Prime Minister. He was forced to resign as Prime Minister in 2009 after the government collapsed. He remained leader of the party until 2010, when he was defeated in a leadership election.