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The Saur Revolution, also known as the Afghan coup d'état of 1978, was a military coup that overthrew the government of Mohammad Daoud Khan, the President of Afghanistan. The revolution was initiated by Nur Muhammad Taraki, Hafizullah Amin, and Babrak Karmal, who formed the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA). The PDPA was a Marxist-Leninist political party that sought to establish a socialist government in Afghanistan.