Yes, Akutagawa Ryunosuke is a well-known name outside of Japan. He was a Japanese writer, and is one of the most highly regarded writers in modern Japanese literature. He was a member of the Shinkankakuha (New Sensationalism) movement, and is known for his short stories, which often have a dark and macabre tone.
Mysterious Tales Unveiled: A Quiz on Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, the Enigmatic Japanese Writer