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**Coup d'état** Sani Abacha assumed power in Nigeria through a military coup d'état in November 1993, overthrowing the interim government of Ernest Shonekan. As the defense minister under the previous military regime of General Ibrahim Babangida, Abacha exploited the political instability and economic challenges prevailing in the country to seize control of the government, ushering in a period of authoritarian rule that lasted until his death in 1998.