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The 1991 Soviet coup attempt was an attempt by a group of hardline communists to overthrow Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev and prevent the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Niyazov, then the leader of the Turkmen SSR, supported the coup. However, the coup failed within three days due to widespread resistance, including a mass demonstration in Moscow led by Boris Yeltsin, who later became the first president of the Russian Federation.