Answer
Shen Kuo, also known by his pseudonym Mengxi Weng, was a polymath scientist and statesman during the Song Dynasty in China. He made significant contributions to various fields, including astronomy, mathematics, geology, cartography, metallurgy, zoology, botany, and agronomy. His most famous work, the Dream Pool Essays, is an encyclopedia covering a wide range of topics and serves as a testament to his eclectic interests and expertise.