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Symbolism was a literary movement that began in France in the 1880s and spread to other countries in Europe and the Americas. The Symbolists were interested in expressing ideas and emotions through symbols, rather than through direct description. They often used metaphors and allegory, and they often wrote about dreams and the subconscious. Some of the most famous Symbolist writers include Stéphane Mallarmé, Arthur Rimbaud, and Paul Verlaine.