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Human evolution stands as the central theme of Svante Pääbo's groundbreaking research, which has reshaped our understanding of our origins. Pääbo and his team pioneered the field of paleogenetics, extracting DNA from ancient specimens, leading to monumental discoveries such as the Neanderthal genome and the extinct human species, Denisovans. These achievements have redefined our comprehension of human history and evolution while uncovering previously unknown aspects of our lineage.