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Thích Quảng Đức, born in 1897, was a Vietnamese Mahayana Buddhist monk who advocated for religious freedom and civil rights in South Vietnam. He gained international recognition in 1963 when he publicly self-immolated in Saigon to protest against the oppressive Ngo Dinh Diem regime's persecution of Buddhists. His self-sacrifice shocked the world and galvanized global opposition to the war in Vietnam.