Answer
Umar II, the eighth Umayyad caliph, famously curtailed the privileges of government officials. Seeking to establish just and equitable governance, he aimed to diminish the disparities between the rulers and the ruled. To achieve this, he reduced the lavish salaries, extravagant lifestyles, and excessive land grants enjoyed by government officials, bringing them closer to the common people and fostering a society founded on equality and moderation.