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Eric Kandel was an Austrian-American neuroscientist known for his groundbreaking research on the cellular bases of learning and memory. Born in Vienna, Austria on November 7, 1929, he later became a naturalized American citizen and a Professor of Physiology and Psychiatry at Columbia University. With decades of contributions to the field of neuroscience, Eric Kandel was the recipient of numerous awards, including the 2000 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.