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The Roman Colosseum, an iconic amphitheater, was initiated by Emperor Vespasian. Construction began around 70-72 AD, and the Colosseum was completed under his son Titus in 80 AD. It was the largest amphitheater ever built in the Roman Empire, with a capacity of over 50,000 spectators. The Colosseum was used for gladiatorial contests, public spectacles, and other forms of entertainment.