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The Apollo 7 mission was commanded by Schirra, who piloted the Command/Service Module (CSM) during the 11-day Earth orbital flight. The CSM was the living quarters and control center for the three astronauts on board, providing life support, navigation, and communications capabilities. Schirra's successful command of the Apollo 7 mission paved the way for the subsequent Apollo missions that eventually led to the historic moon landing in 1969.