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Wangari Maathai received her Ph.D. in 1971 from the University of Nairobi. She was the first woman in East and Central Africa to receive a doctorate. Her dissertation was on the effects of deforestation on the environment and people in Kenya. Maathai was a strong advocate for environmental protection and women's rights. She founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977, which has planted more than 30 million trees in Kenya.