Answer
Logical positivism, a dominant philosophical school in the early 20th century, faced a formidable challenge from W.V. Quine's influential essay, "Two Dogmas of Empiricism." Quine argued against two central tenets of logical positivism: the verification principle, which held that only empirically verifiable statements are meaningful, and the analytic-synthetic distinction, which separated statements true by definition from those true by experience.