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Kongming was the courtesy name of Zhuge Liang, a renowned Chinese military strategist, politician, and inventor during the Three Kingdoms period. Courtesy names, also known as style names, were commonly used in ancient China to show respect and formality in addressing individuals. Zhuge Liang's courtesy name, Kongming, reflects his intelligence and wisdom, as "Kong" means "bright" or "intelligent," and "Ming" means "clear" or "brilliant."