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Abū al-Hasan ‘Alī ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Alī al-Mas‘ūdī (; c. 896 – c. 956), better known by his pen name al-Mas‘ūdī (, "The fortunate one"), was an Arab polymath who wrote on history, geography, and Islamic studies. He is considered one of the most important figures in the development of Arabic historiography.