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Juppé served thrice as Bordeaux's mayor for a total of 21 years, making him the city's longest-serving mayor in the modern era. He first held the office from 1995 to 2004, then again from 2006 to 2016. His tenure was marked by a focus on urban renewal, public transportation, and sustainable development. Juppé's leadership contributed significantly to Bordeaux's transformation into a dynamic and attractive city.