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Alejandro Farnesio, also known as Alexander Farnese, was a Spanish military commander and governor of the Spanish Netherlands. He was the son of Margaret of Parma and Ottavio Farnese, Duke of Parma. Farnesio's full Spanish name was Alejandro Farnesio y Gonzaga, reflecting his father's Italian heritage. He is best known for his successful campaigns in the Netherlands during the Eighty Years' War.